Tuesday, November 26, 2019

U.S Involvement in Bosnia essays

U.S Involvement in Bosnia essays The United States Involvement in Bosnia; is it positive or negative. After a lifetime of war in Bosnia, can the United States really offer positive change? To truly get a feel for the conflict in this region we must first look at the long-standing hatred between the occupying ethnic groups: Serbs, Muslims, and Croats. From 1481 to 1903 the Ottoman Empire was the ruling body over the entire Balkan region. By the early nineteen hundreds the Ottoman Empire had collapsed. In 1918, at the end of World War One, Russia annexed the Balkan region renaming it Yugoslavia. In 1919 Joseph Stalin, Communist ruler of Russia and its satellite states (i.e. Yugoslavia), appointed Tito to be the head of Yugoslavia. Tito quickly became an iron fisted and ruthless dictator. The Machiavellian characteristics exhibited by Tito have given all Serbs a reputation as being strong armed and merciless. With Titos death in 1991, Yugoslavia collapsed and split into 3 independent states: Bosnia, Herzegovina, and Croatia. In 1994 Slovadon Malosovitch was elected ruler of the Serbian state. Incidents of mass genocide and several other war crimes became regular occurrences under his rule. The Bosnian crisis has shown the world the worst of human nature. On behalf of the United Nations, in an effort to settle the unrest in the Balk an region, The United States became involved in 1995. The United States involvement includes: the commitment of twenty thousand troops, the troop support of legions of tanks and other vehicles, and the full support of the United States Government. Unfortunately this upset the native Bosnian people. So, although the United States feels obligated to help the Bosnian Cause, they may be worsening the situation with their involvement, both there and in the U.S There are two sides to this story. The first is the opinion that the United States should completely withdraw from Bosnia. The other opinion is that the United St...

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Online Physical Education for Homeschoolers

Online Physical Education for Homeschoolers If you went to public school, you probably remember PE classes. There was calisthenics in the gym and kickball in the field.  Physical education  at home is  easy when your students are  elementary age.  We need them to expend their excess energy as much as they do, so a bike ride  around the block or a trip the neighborhood playground is  a regular occurrence. As kids get older, their desire to get outdoors may wane.  Added to that is  the fact that many states and umbrella schools require at least one PE credit in high school. Many homeschool parents may find themselves at a loss as to how to effectively meet the requirement, particularly if their children aren’t involved in organized sports. What Is Online Physical Education? Despite the name, online physical education classes take place in the real world, not on a computer screen. Thirty states allow their public school students - usually middle school or high school - to take PE online, according to fitness expert Catherine Holecko. Some public and private online PE programs are open to homeschoolers as well. Online PE usually consists of a computer-based portion and an activity portion. The computer portion can involve learning about physiology,  completing writing assignments on different parts of the body and various exercises, and taking tests. The real-life portion is often up to the student. Some use sports theyre already involved in, others add walking, running, swimming, or other activities to their schedule. Students are usually  required to monitor what theyre doing, either with technology like a heart-rate monitor or pedometer or by keeping records that they  submit with their other class materials. The Pros of Online PE For public school students, online PE allows them to fulfill their physical education requirement outside of regular school hours. That frees up more time during the school day for other subjects. Similarly, for homeschooled students an online PE course allows teens to take a self-directed approach to physical education, allowing the teaching parent more time to focus on other subjects and siblings. Online PE also allows homeschoolers to  have supervision by trained physical education professionals without the need to join a gym or seek a private instructor. For kids who are already involved in sports or other  physical activity, online PE adds a written component that might be covered only briefly or not at all by real-world coaches. Online PE courses also offer a health component which may satisfy state or umbrella school requirements. Both public school and homeschool students also get the chance to get credit for sports that may not be part of a traditional physical education program, such as roller blading, surfing, ballet, or equestrian sports. The Cons of Online PE Students who have taken it say online PE isnt easy. In some programs, students must complete certain goals, no matter how long it takes them. They are also all held to the same standards, regardless of their ability, conditioning, strengths, or weaknesses. Students who choose to do activities on their own dont get the same level of supervision and instruction as kids who take a real-world class. They dont have a coach who can monitor their progress and give feedback on their form. They may be tempted to embellish their activity records - although programs often require parents to verify their childrens reports. Where to Find Online PE Programs for Homeschoolers Florida Virtual School, the first and largest online public school in the United States, offers individual classes in Personal Fitness, Fitness Lifestyle and Design, and other Physical Education topics. Florida residents may take the classes for free, but they are also available on a tuition basis to students who live outside the state. The courses are approved by NCAA. Carone Fitness is an accredited school and provider of online health and PE courses for grades K-12 and higher education. Options include adaptive PE and homebound courses. Students set individual goals, participate in a weekly exercise program, and receive one-on-one feedback from an instructor. Family Time Fitness is a company founded specifically for homeschoolers, although it is also available through some public schools. Its physical education programs consist mainly of printable lesson plans and videos, although parents also get reminder emails and access to supplemental downloads and online webinars. Updated by Kris Bales

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Discrimination Bachelor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Discrimination Bachelor - Essay Example Fortunately for many, most first world, developed and progressive societies have always prided themselves in upholding the rights of their citizens. In areas of the world such as North America and Western Europe, few people live in fear of the government; they fully expect their rights to be upheld. Even women, who, in many countries, have enjoyed political and religious freedom to lesser degrees than the men, now, are able to freely voice their own opinions. These expressions can lead to healthy debate about relevant social issues. In a perfect world, the opinions of all would be heard in an environment conducive to greater understanding and acceptance in general. However, as Western society has progressed in areas such as technology, medicine, and communication, understanding and acceptance have lagged behind. In some cases, the opinions of some smaller groups have had a major impact on political decisions which can, in turn, affect the rights of citizens. Debates rage about an abundance of social and international issues, but one which has become an immensely serious threat to the rights of citizens is abortion. ... When examining the issue of reproductive rights, an obvious first question is "Whose rights are to be protected" Different groups will give different answers. The pro-life groups will advocate for the fetus' rights. Pro-choice groups will hail the rights of women. Still other groups will support the fathers, rights. What happens when these rights inevitably conflict The answer lies in a confusing web of politics, religion, and culture. In order to fully understand the current spectrum of reproductive rights and freedoms, one must first take a look at its history. One of the first reproductive issues to affect society was that of birth control. Linda Gordon explains that the first uses of birth control arose from the necessity of the nomadic life. Clans moving from place to place so often had to travel lightly, so a large family was a hindrance to this lifestyle. As societies grew around agriculture, the shift towards large families became important for division of labor reasons. At this point, birth control was not an issue because, economically, more children meant more workers (1990). Unfortunately, early forms of birth control were largely the products of old wives tales and meticulous timing; they were not terrible effective. As a result, the desire to terminate pregnancies arose. According to Josephine (2002), induced termination of pregnancy, otherwise known as abortion, has been practiced since the time of the early Greeks and recorded in historical documents. Undeniably, abortion is an old societal issue. The legality of abortion, however, is a different story. Abortion in any form was not legal in the United Kingdom in the 1800s (Josephine, 2002). The Infant Life

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Population Ecology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Population Ecology - Essay Example This underpinned one of the lectures important contents, which is the demonstration of how life history traits are determined as a response to environmental factors such as in the case of survivorship or mortality patterns. I have chosen to attend this lecture because it is related to my field of study, which is Health Studies and I am interested to gain more insights about the nature of the courses I am going to study later on. I think that human ecology is related to my course because it is a framework that could explain the incidence of many health issues. When I attended the lecture, I already know that human ecology studies the relationship between population and the environment. After the lecture, this was further enriched by new information such as how the field could predict or project vital statistics and health issues such as death and diseases. At first, it was challenging for me to take notes and follow the lecture since it is a new experience for me. But I learned to focus on the structure of the lecture and identify contexts so that I was able to understand the difficult contents better. All in all, the lecture is important to my academic goals because it gave me a glimpse of the content of one of the courses I plan to take for my undergraduate

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Fat Tax Essay Example for Free

Fat Tax Essay This report proposes that these costs and problems need to be addressed, and one avenue through which they can be is a junk food tax. This report proposes that there be a federal tax placed on junk food purchases, similar to the taxes placed on gasoline and tobacco products. This tax would dissuade people from purchasing unhealthy food items. At the same time it would help the nation offset some of the financial costs that obesity has generated. The proposition is not a fix-all, but it is a good start. Taxation of Junk Food, A Proposition to Battle the Obesity Epidemic in America Obesity is a condition that can be found in nearly every social class, geographic location, and age group in our society today. Every year there are more people who fit this profile; more people who are obese. While many view this condition as merely a cosmetic one, the truth is that there are serious consequences to being overweight. Some of these consequences include: the health risks such as diabetes and heart disease, early death because of those conditions, economic impacts due to lower productivity, astronomical health care costs, and numerous social problems that arise due to the lethargy and early mortality of obese parents and the inactivity of overweight children. These issues are significant, and need to be addressed in order to solve the problem. First, the causes of obesity must be understood, so that adequate solutions can be generated. Then solutions need to be created and put into effect such that the causes of the epidemic will be addressed at a minimal social cost. The information in this report shows that a large portion of those who suffer from obesity can attribute a large portion of their weight to junk food. This food is high in calories and low in nutritional value. This report also shows that many of these people choose to consume these products due to its convenience and relative low cost. I propose that in order to address this cause, and decrease consumption of junk food due to convenience and low cost, a federal tax should be levied against all foods that fit the profile of a junk food. I propose that this action would decrease economy purchases of less nutritious foods, and encourage consumers to consume more healthy diet options based on economic feasibility. Â  The Obesity Epidemic The issue of obesity is one that is complex and widespread. In order to understand the scope and implications of this condition, one must first understand what it is, and who it affects. Not everyone who is overweight is obese. Scott Ingram describes the difference between obesity and overweight as overweight being anyone who weighs more than the someone in the normal range for how old and tall they are, while in order for a person to be labeled obese, they must have enough body fat to put them 20 percent higher or more than their ideal weight (Ingram, 2005, p. 23). In other words, if a person’s ideal weight for their height and age is 140 pounds, and they weigh 150 pounds, they are overweight; but if they weigh over 168 pounds they are obese. This difference is important, as it indicates exactly how much overweight obese people are. They are all more than 20 percent over their target weight, which is significant enough to cause the problems that are being discussed in this report. The health and social issues caused by the state rest of the population that have not reached the 20 percent mark, but are still overweight are not even considered in this report. However, these issues will be positively affected by this proposal as well. It is also important to note that this problem is not isolated to a specific group of individuals, although there are groups that are higher risk than others.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Essay --

Genetically Modified plants have changed how food is grown, although they have become very controversial. The purposes of Genetically Modified plants are to decrease time to maturity, increase resistance to disease, increase in nutrition, and reduce the use of herbicides. Genetically Modified plants can be very beneficial in many aspects not only to the United States but also to many underdeveloped countries such as Africa. The Encyclopaedia Britannica defines Genetically Modified Organisms as: â€Å"An organism whose genome has been engineered in the laboratory in order to favor the expression of desired physiological traits or the production of desired biological products† (Diaz and Fridovich-Keil). Genetically Modified plants are created by altering the DNA of the plant. The alteration, which is known as genetic modification, causes the DNA to be genetically different than how it would be naturally. Genetic modification makes it possible to transfer genes from a non-related species of plants. Genetic modifications are performed on many organisms such as: animals, plants and bacteria. Some products produced by genetic modification include feeds, medicines, vaccines, foods and fibers. Feed and products grown for food, are the most well known and most controversial genetically modified products. In the United States, genetically modified foods were approved for human consumption in 1995. â€Å"By the end of 2010, genetically modified crops covered more than 9.8 million square kilometers of land in 29 countries worldwide- one-tenth of the world’s farmland.† (Diaz and Fridovich-Keil). According to EB â€Å"60% of all processed foods consumed in the United States contained at least some genetically modified ingredients† (Diaz and Fridov... ...e U.S., according to recent analysis from the U.S. Department of Agriculture† (â€Å"Food†). Since the majority of the population does not benefit from genetically modified organisms they tend to want to reject them. Consumers do not want to pay higher prices for the food they consume, but without increasing the yield per acre, farmers cannot recoup the higher costs of machinery, fuel, fertilizers, and seed used to produce the food. There are many positive attributes to genetically modified plants, farming is less harsh on the environment, it can help feel the ever growing population of the world on less farmland, and produce more nutritious food. With the acceptance of this technology many problems facing underdeveloped nations could be solved. With more education everyone can benefit from genetically modified organisms and more research would be possible.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Program Evaluation and Review Technique/Critical path method Essay

Project management triangle is the symbol that represents the money, time and scope items in a project, which has been modeled by Harold Kerzner. Given the wide range of project management tools available, the key to selecting the right one is to understand that different tools are needed along the different stages of a project life cycle. Graphical displays such as gantt-charts usually make the information easy to identify; and we can easily use it for tracking cost, schedule and performance. Gantt charts are used for exhibiting program progress or defining specific work required to accomplish an objective. They often include such items as listing of activities, activity duration, schedule dates, and progress-to-date. PERT also is used which stands for â€Å"Program evaluation and review technique†. It is also called â€Å"critical path method†. It is an event-oriented planning aid, usually computerized used to estimate project duration when there is uncertainty in estimates of duration times for individual activities. It helps the project team to order the activities that must be completed to implement a decision. A Work Breakdown Structure is a results-oriented family tree that captures all the work of a project in an organized way. WBS breaks down project into major modules by breaking down into activities and, finally, into individual tasks. Identifies activities, tasks, resource requirements and relationships between modules and activities. The prime benefit of WBS is its effective aid in the planning process. As WBS evolves, it becomes easier to revise and update plans. Responsibilities can be assigned at different points of the WBS hierarchical tree, both managerial and technological. The main rationale behind crashing activities is to analyze the normal activity costs and costs under maximum crashing and to find the shortest times with crashing. And we must realize that new paths may become critical and make sure that all of the alternatives are true. And the main rationale to use PERT or CPM is the approach of timing. With CPM, we define that activities have certain completion times with minimal deviations. With PERT approach, we assume that activities have average completion times with a standard deviation, therefore time is an uncertainty.

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Suicide Bombing On The National Front Essay

Suicide bombing in Pakistan started after 9/11. Today Pakistan is the biggest victim of terrorism. After 9/11 incident, Pakistan supported the war on terror in Afghanistan. That war effected Pakistan very much. As border was not sealed so most of the Talibans ran away from Afghanistan to Pakistan. They were given shelter by the people of tribal areas of Pakistan because of their tradition of hospitality and clan bonding. As already Afghans were in refugee camps in Pakistan, so it was difficult to differentiate Talibans and Afghan refugees. Pakistan became a target as we found friends in Taliban’s enemy. Suicide bombing started in Pakistan. Initially, only the security forces were targeted but now even the common public is not spared. The war has spread to every nook and corner of Pakistan. First suicide attack in Pakistan was done in Islamabad in 1995. A truck full of explosives entered the Egyptian embassy and 14 people were killed. After investigation it was found out that bomber was Egyptian. Second suicide bombing was in Karachi. French engineers were attacked outside Sheraton Hotel in May 2002. In this attack 14 people were killed in which 11 were French engineers. Another attack in June 2002 was done outside American embassy. In 2003 President General Musharraf was targeted. In 2004 there were five suicide attacks including one attack on Prime Minister. In 2005 only 2 suicide attacks occurred. In 2006 suicide bombing again started to increase as there were 6 suicide attacks in which American embassy and Pakistan security forces were also targeted. In2007 these attacks were increased and total suicide attacks were done. In these attacks was on Former Prime Minister on Benazir Bhutto. In 2008 59 suicide attacks were done. In year 2009 till November 19, 70 suicide attacks were done. During Afghan jihad against Russia, America and Pakistan joined hands to fight it together. After the war, the U.S.A left the region in distress and civil war started in Afghanistan. The idea to use religion as a  tool to convince people to fight this war and organizing private militias resulted in destruction of Afghanistan after the war. It did not stop there. Pakistan continued on using religion as a tool and helped Taliban to form a government in Afghanistan. The whole episode of Al-Qaeda taking refuge in Afghanistan and 9/11 attack gave rise to a new fear. Previously, the whole world had their eyes closed to this Frankenstein they themselves created. Suddenly there was a hue and cry everywhere. Islam was said to be the threat to the whole world. Muslim bashing started happening and things got from bad to worse. America got dragged into this war and Pakistan along with it. Now after fighting it for this long, there seems no going back. There is no victory in sight and it cannot last forever. So it is a confusion which has found no solution. CAUSES OF SUICIDE BOMBING IN PAKISTAN One reason of suicide bombing in Pakistan is a tradition of Pushtoons called† badal†(revenge). This is the tradition according to which if a person of its tribe is killed by the person from other tribe then revenge is being taken from the killer tribe and that revenge is called badal. So similar to this happened in Afghanistan and tribal areas of Pakistan. People of those tribes were killed by American and Pakistani army. So reply to that they started targeting the check posts of army but later on they changed their target and now their target is innocent public of Pakistan. They considered it their right to kill the people in order to take revenge. Another reason of suicide bombing is American involvement in Pakistan. Pashtoons have got a history that they do not allow the foreign forces to occupy their land. American involvement in Pakistan is also not liked by Pushtoons and Taliban of Afghanistan and Tribal areas. Taliban has targeted Pakistan for their commitment to America. America’s drone attacks within Pakistan territory is one of the reasons for the increase in suicide attacks. Bajaur incident and Lal Masjid operation has helped Taliban by providing them new recruits for suicide bombing. In both incidents innocent students were killed. In retaliation there have been a lot of suicide  attacks in Pakistan for the last three years. American invasion of Islamic countries has contributed a lot to the common hatred in the Muslim world. Economic bondage was already there and then war was imposed on independent and sovereign countries. The feeling of resentment giving rise to Al-Qaeda and their extreme philosophies did not help the situation. Palestine, Iraq, Kashmir, Chechnya, Bosnia and Kosovo are all examples of Muslim occupied territories. Things were fine for the western world as long as there was no organized retaliation. It was bound to happen someday and it did happen. The result is that the world is very unsafe today and there is a lot of hatred which can result in a clash of civilizations. Injustice is one of the foremost factors that breed terrorism. When the grievances of the people are not redressed they resort to violent actions. So this is the case with Pakistan where timely justice has always been a far cry. Hence, the delayed justice is working as incentive for victims and dragging them to the swamp of terrorist organisations. Illiteracy is the root causes of extremism and terrorism. More than one in five men aged 15 to 24 unable to read or write, and only one in 20 is in tertiary education. such a high illiteracy rate has made Pakistan vulnerable to terrorism. furthermore, technical and vocational education, and adult literacy, are especially important but unfortunately have been neglected the most in Baluchistan, Khyber Pukhtunkhwa and the Tribal Areas. Illiteracy and lack of skills provide fertile ground for those who wish to recruit young men and women to their cause, especially when significant monetary payments are attached. Regarding poverty, it is also an incubating cause of terrorism. And it is said that â€Å"a hungry man is an angry man.† Notably, majority of people in Pakistan are living below poverty line. While especially for the youngsters, unemployment has made the matter worse. In these adverse circumstances, some people go to the level of extremism and even commit suicide. These are the people whose services are hired by the terrorist  groups and they become easy prey to terrorism. Food insecurity is also linked with militancy and violence. When people remain unable to afford food and cannot meet their basic needs civil strife grows. A report by the Islamabad-based Sustainable Development Policy Institute The highest levels of food insecurity, for instance, exist in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas, according to the report, where 67.7 per cent of the people are insecure. The next highest level is in Baluchistan, with food insecurity at 61.2 per cent, and then in Khyber-Pukhtunkhwa, 56.2 per cent. In Pakistan some extremist forces are exploiting the feelings of lower and lower middle class food insecure people. They are motivating their unemployed youth to commit heinous crimes such as suicide attacks against innocent people. REMEDIES In view of the root causes described in above paragraphs, the possible remedies could include: †¢ To begin with, a national commission needs to be set up, which identifies the fault lines and the root causes of the rise of extremism in Pakistan taking into consideration the post-Nine-Eleven developments. †¢ It should also take up the question of reforming the madrassas. The heads of all the major religious groups should be contacted and engaged to explore short-term and long-term solutions. †¢ Our universities and research institutes should take up the intellectual task of re-interpreting the Islamic injunctions in the light of modern knowledge and 21st century challenges (with emphasis on social justice). †¢ The government must improve its performance. Bad governance and corruption have lowered its credibility and clout, †¢ Parliament must debate Pakistan’s present relationship with the US, with  particular reference to the American war in Afghanistan and operations in Pakistan. †¢ Our government should make efforts to develop sector. Without any doubt, these efforts will play a crucial role not only in providing employment to the millions of people but will also eliminate poverty in the country. †¢ Pakistan’s government should particularly emphasise the need of technical education by promoting it. In this respect, more institutes should be opened in order to promote technical education. †¢ It is mentionable that there are two types of terrorists, extremists and moderates. In order to cope with terrorism, our government should neutralise the moderate terrorists through reconciliation by offering them general pardon and asking them to renounce terrorism. Even extremist insurgents can be offered mediation. Nevertheless, those militants who reject the offer could be fought through military operations. †¢ Nonetheless, for their on global and regional interests, US-led western allies must not only increase the military and economic aid of Pakistan but also provide direct market access to Pak products on zero rate duty to help stabilise the country’s bleak economy in the wake of the war against terror. †¢ As Pakistan has been successfully coping with the menace of terrorism, US-led some western countries including India should also give up their propaganda campaign against Islamabad and blame game against its intelligence agency ISI. †¢ US should help in resolving the Kashmir dispute to deal with the problem of militancy in the region. †¢ In order to fight terrorism, Pakistan’s media should play a key role. It must point out the criminal activities of the militants like hostage-taking, killing of the innocent people? torching the government buildings including girl schools and car-snatching. It should also indicate that Islam is a  religion of peace and does not allow suicide attacks. †¢ As Pakistan is already facing various crises of grave nature in wake of terrorism, so our politicians must stop manipulating the same for their own self-interests. By setting aside their differences and by showing power of tolerance, both our rulers and opposition parties need to act upon a policy of national reconciliation to cope with the problem of terrorism and to stand before external pressure. †¢ Finally, our politicians, general masses and security forces must show a strong sense of unity to fight terrorism. CONCLUSION Pakistan is a peace loving nation and playing its important role in combating terror. Recognition of efforts to fight menace of terrorism and sacrifices rendered thereof are testimony to the commitment and resolve to bring peace in the region. Unfortunately sometimes its commitment is doubted by some of its allies. Mistrust can lead to diversion of efforts, which will not be beneficial to common objective of peace in the region. Pakistan is a responsible nation; fully capable of defending its territorial integrity. Pakistan has singularly committed large forces to combat menace of terrorism more than any other country. No foreign troops are either present or deployed on Pakistan soil. All citizens of Pakistan must propagate moderate vibrant culture of Pakistan to promote good will of world community and shun misconstrued beliefs. Attacks on security forces personnel are executed at the sponsorship of hostile intelligence agencies. Such anti state elements must be singled out and brought to lime light to defeat evil agendas of our enemies. Pakistan has sacrificed the most in the ongoing war on terror; criticizing Pakistan’s efforts at national/international forum will be counter-productive to the overall objectives of war on terror.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

20 Analytical Essay Topics Urban Economics Points to Use While Writing

20 Analytical Essay Topics Urban Economics Points to Use While Writing If you are tasked with writing a great analytical essay on the topic of urban economics, then you should start off on a great foot by reviewing the potential twenty topics listed below. See if any of these fits within the parameters of your writing assignment and let the creativity flow: The Key Economic Forces Which Drive The Creation and Support of Cities as well as Regional Agglomeration The Theory and Evidence Which Supports the Emergence of Cities Why Location of Workers and Firms is the Part of Core Periphery Model of Urban Economics The Impact That the Emergence of Cities Has on Worker’s Productivity How Manufactured Goods Are Contingent upon Economies of Scale with Amount of Production Limited by Returns The Impact That the Emergence of Cities Has on Urban Amenities How Agricultural Products Rely on Unskilled Labor and Have Set Products Produced at a Rate Constant with the Scale, Reliant upon a Fixed Designation of Land and a Fixed Designation of Unskilled Labor in order to Produce Said Products The Impact That the Emergence of Cities Has On Congestion How the Price for Modern Products is Related to Trade Cost as well as Competition Cost How Imported Products are Priced Higher because of Regional Differences Why Higher Import Costs Result in Lower Local Consumption and Higher Consumption of Non-Imported, Local Items The Symmetric Equilibrium for Symmetric Regions and How Firms Remaining in Their Region Maintain This Equilibrium The Self-Correcting Swap Model for Relocation The Self-Reinforcing Relocation Model The Issues in Measuring Urban Characteristics The Methodologies Used in Measuring Urban Characteristics The Designing of the Most Appropriate Urban Policies Economic Theory and Evidence to Support the Internal City Structures Economic Theory Supporting Urban and Housing Policies, Specifically How They Enhance Urban Living Environments The Role Cities Play in the Development of Aggregate Economics To write a better analytical essay on urban economics, you must surely go through the facts on urban economics together with the writing guide. Of course, writing a good analytical essay about urban economics requires more than just selecting the topic, flicking through some facts, which is why you will find a sample essay below on one of the topics listed above: Analytical Sample Essay: Why Location of Workers and Firms is Part of Core Periphery Model of Urban Economics Urban economics is a vast field whose theories dictate that the location of workers and their firms is directly related to the production of products, competition, costs, and the growth of cities. In theory equilibrium is achieved among all manufacturing firms when each location maintains equal footing in various regions. If there are two distinct regions, the West region and the East region, there could exist three companies manufacturing different product varieties in both the East and the West regions. So long as each company maintains production in a specific region with limited imports into the opposite region, equilibrium can be achieved. The reason for this is that the same employment opportunities exist in both regions for all potential workers. Because of the similar demand and the similar supply the wages available for employees also remains roughly even. When companies in the East want to supply products to the west, they have to pay for transportation costs which are refe rred to as the trade costs. In supplying products to the east to be imported the Western manufacturers have to increase the price of their products to cover the trade cost. If an increase in price for imported products took place, many consumers would purchase if you imported products in exchange for higher numbers of local products. That being said companies in the East can produce local products and consumers will buy imported products from the west at a smaller rate compared to the products that they purchase from local suppliers in the east. With this in mind cities do not grow exponentially, urban landscapes remain roughly the same, and all businesses have the ability to compete within the open market at regular competitive prices and demand , forcing them to focus instead on simply providing a unique variety to similar products. This can be changed when a single manufacturer from the West decide to move the firm, relocating it to the east. When the relocation from the west to the east takes place, production changes, trade cost goes away and demand changes too. When the trade cost goes away consumers are more likely to purchase products from the newly relocated Western company now situated inside of the eastern region. In some cases this will naturally balance out, reverting back to the equilibrium which once existed by way of a similar manufacturing firm located in the east simply moving their production to the west. By doing this the two companies switch places and maintain the same products, profits, and consumer base demand. Of course the alternative to this is that the increased profits now gained by the Western company that recently moved to the eastern region serve as a tantalizing suggestion or opportunity for the other company remaining in the West. As such additional companies in the West can reloc ate to the east, essentially taking all profits away from those local eastern based manufacturers. When things like this take place changes in demographics, larger city development, and grand changes to the economic landscape are inevitable. Again a potential change to this can be the natural swap of the aforementioned companies from the east simply assuming the open opportunity now left in the West. In all cases this serves as a prime example of how production and location influence city development and are imperative to the understanding of urban economics and development. Overall fluctuation in the economic landscape can impact the development of cities, and by extension can impact the development of urban policies and land planning as well as urban living policies. As companies grow and changes take place in the existing workforce, manufacturing landscape, and product availability, subsequent changes have to take place in terms of policy and workers, wages, and products. References Alonso, William.  A Model Of The Urban Land Market. 1960. Print. Arnott, Richard, and Daniel P McMillen.  A Companion To Urban Economics. Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub., 2006. Print. Harvey, J, and Ernie Jowsey.  Urban Land Economics. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2004. Print. OSullivan, Arthur.  Urban Economics. Boston: McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2003. Print. Perloff, Harvey S, and Lowdon Wingo.  Issues In Urban Economics. [Baltimore]: Published for Resources for the Future [Washington] by the Johns Hopkins Press, 1968. Print. Rasmussen, David W.  Urban Economics. New York: Harper Row, 1973. Print. Segal, David.  Urban Economics. Homewood, Ill.: R.D. Irwin, 1977. Print.

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

3 Types of Superfluous Use of Semicolons

3 Types of Superfluous Use of Semicolons 3 Types of Superfluous Use of Semicolons 3 Types of Superfluous Use of Semicolons By Mark Nichol Proper use of semicolons is sometimes seen as such a challenge that some teachers of composition recommend not using them until one develops a more sophisticated grasp of language, which is akin to saying one should hold off on learning the more complicated letters of the alphabet until one is ready for them. The following examples, however, point out that some writers need to study the functions of the punctuation mark. 1. Banks must keep pace with rapidly developing technologies; and this requires organizations to transform how they develop new apps and software. One of the functions of the semicolon is to separate independent clauses that are closely associated in cases in which the strength of the period is not necessary. In this case, a simple comma, teaming up with a conjunction, suffices to distinguish the two clauses: â€Å"Banks must keep pace with rapidly developing technologies, and this requires organizations to transform how they develop new apps and software.† (A semicolon should not precede a conjunction unless the punctuation mark and the word are part of a complex list structured something like â€Å"a, b, and c; d, e, and f; and g, h, and i.) 2. It is one thing to determine that a hundred million dollars in synergies can be achieved; it is another matter to actually achieve those savings; and still another matter for the savings to be reflected in the financial statements. The first semicolon in this sentence is used correctly, but the second one is not; the phrase beginning with and should be part of the second independent clause (the one beginning â€Å"it is another matter†): â€Å"It is one thing to determine that a hundred million dollars in synergies can be achieved; it is another matter to actually achieve those savings and still another matter for the savings to be reflected in the financial statements.† Alternatively, the final point can be bolstered with its own pronoun and verb and set off as one of three sentence segments separated by commas: â€Å"It is one thing to determine that a hundred million dollars in synergies can be achieved, it is another matter to actually achieve those savings, and it is still another matter for the savings to be reflected in the financial statements.† 3. They must continuously direct scarce resources to sustain vital government activities and services; they must manage their operations in the face of constantly changing circumstances; and they must provide assurance to various stakeholders that they can protect and enhance their organizations. Here, three phrases are separated as if they are independent clauses. It is true that the three phrases can stand on their own as such, but they are also serviceable as simple list items, as shown here: â€Å"They must continuously direct scarce resources to sustain vital government activities and services, they must manage their operations in the face of constantly changing circumstances, and they must provide assurance to various stakeholders that they can protect and enhance their organizations.† (Semicolons are necessary in place of the commas only if one or more of the phrases itself uses punctuation to separate items in a list.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:25 Subordinating ConjunctionsWhenever vs. When Ever3 Types of Essays Are Models for Professional Writing Forms

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Is Racism and anti-Semitism still a problem in the United States Essay

Is Racism and anti-Semitism still a problem in the United States - Essay Example The country has literally shed blood of innocent civilians to fight for few basic rights that are God-given. Racism and anti-Semitism are prevalent in American society due to enactment of affirmative action, ethnic profiling post September 11, and the vague existence of the KKK. Racism and anti-Semitism still exist in American society due to the fact that affirmative action legislatures were enacted to give minorities an opportunity for employment. Affirmative action, are set public policies that are specifically designed to help diminish racism and prejudice based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, is under attack(Morris, 2011, p. 25). After the blood shed and citizen after the civil war, Congress passed the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution, which abolished slavery (Morris, 2011, p.30). In addition, the Fourteenth Amendment guarantees equal protection under the law while the Fifteenth Amendment declines racial discrimination during elections. However one must wonder, even with all the legislations enacted, discrimination continues to be the focal point in society. Clearly, the 1866 Civil Rights Act guarantees every citizen "the same right to make and enforce contracts ... as is enjoyed by white citizens...† Thus, how is that African Americans and other minorities continue to struggle to find employment and are deterred from entering academic intuitions (Morris,2011, p.34)? Clearly, anti-affirmative action enables minorities to be embedded in the work and schools so society does not discriminate against them. Keeping everything in constant, the American society is designed in a way to protect White workers against job layoffs since majority of the executives in the American Society are dominated by male executives. Hence, racism becomes a â€Å"sparking fireball,† as many Americans feel as if they would be unemployed as minorities will continue to take their current posts. Evidently, the root cause of job displacement that W hite workers face with have to do with corporate decisions to downsize, and labor outsourcing internationally along with, computerization and automation. Downsizing. The small majority of minorities that do occupy an outstanding position often become key victims of hatred and discrimination. While substantial gains have been made to promote minorities, women and African America; the smaller groups continue to be harshly faced with discrimination and prejudice in the corporate world. Undoubtedly, the enactment of affirmative action legislature, companies confirms that racism and anti-Semitism are still prevalent in society. Another vital reason why racism and anti-Semitism no doubt continue to still exist in American society is due to the fact that ethnic profiling plagues society even in the modern 21st century. Prior to September 11, immigration laws were somewhat moderate as many immigrants from Asia and Middle East continue to migrate to America for jobs. As the World Trade Cente r fell, citizens of America were scared and horrified. Twenty-five days later, still reeling with shock, the government quickly took decisive action to make Osama Bin Laden, leader of Al-Qaeda to be responsible for the attacks. Bin Laden was part of an Islamic conservative group that believed in implying sharia. Thus, Muslims become the focal point of issue in society. After the September 11 attacks, many people became interested in Islam, yet the government discouraged the public from learning about different viewpoints (Friedman